"rof" meaning in Middle English

See rof in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /roːf/ Forms: roves [plural], rofes [plural], roof [alternative], ruffe [alternative], rhof [alternative], rooff [alternative], rufe [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English hrōf, from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|hrōf}} Old English hrōf, {{der|enm|gem-pro|*hrōfą}} Proto-Germanic *hrōfą Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} rof, {{enm-noun|roves|pl2=rofes}} rof (plural roves or rofes)
  1. A roof (top layer of a building):
    The outer side of a roof considered separately; the rooftop.
    Sense id: en-rof-enm-noun-ercYmC1C Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Roofing Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 16 23 24 11 26 Disambiguation of Roofing: 31 32 11 12 14
  2. A roof (top layer of a building):
    The inner side of a roof considered separately; the ceiling.
    Sense id: en-rof-enm-noun-~rUfOt0S Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Roofing Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 16 23 24 11 26 Disambiguation of Roofing: 31 32 11 12 14
  3. A house or building; an edifice used for inhabitance.
    Sense id: en-rof-enm-noun-BPNWwggr Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Buildings, Construction, Roofing Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 16 23 24 11 26 Disambiguation of Buildings: 16 16 37 4 27 Disambiguation of Construction: 23 23 38 10 7 Disambiguation of Roofing: 31 32 11 12 14
  4. The top of the mouth; the palate.
    Sense id: en-rof-enm-noun-9XLQ9A8s Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Anatomy, Roofing Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 16 23 24 11 26 Disambiguation of Anatomy: 9 9 10 61 11 Disambiguation of Roofing: 31 32 11 12 14
  5. Any sort of cover, especially one that provides shelter.
    Sense id: en-rof-enm-noun-3MSehRbC Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Roofing Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 16 23 24 11 26 Disambiguation of Roofing: 31 32 11 12 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: rofen

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rofen"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "roof"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "ruif"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "reuf"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "ruf"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "ruif"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hrōf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hrōf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hrōfą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrōfą",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hrōf, from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "roves",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rofes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roof",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruffe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rhof",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rooff",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rufe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "rof",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roves",
        "pl2": "rofes"
      },
      "expansion": "rof (plural roves or rofes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 23 24 11 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 32 11 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Roofing",
          "orig": "enm:Roofing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A roof (top layer of a building):",
        "The outer side of a roof considered separately; the rooftop."
      ],
      "id": "en-rof-enm-noun-ercYmC1C",
      "links": [
        [
          "roof",
          "roof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 23 24 11 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 32 11 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Roofing",
          "orig": "enm:Roofing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A roof (top layer of a building):",
        "The inner side of a roof considered separately; the ceiling."
      ],
      "id": "en-rof-enm-noun-~rUfOt0S",
      "links": [
        [
          "roof",
          "roof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 23 24 11 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 37 4 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Buildings",
          "orig": "enm:Buildings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 38 10 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Construction",
          "orig": "enm:Construction",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 32 11 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Roofing",
          "orig": "enm:Roofing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A house or building; an edifice used for inhabitance."
      ],
      "id": "en-rof-enm-noun-BPNWwggr"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 23 24 11 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 10 61 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "enm:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 32 11 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Roofing",
          "orig": "enm:Roofing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The top of the mouth; the palate."
      ],
      "id": "en-rof-enm-noun-9XLQ9A8s"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 23 24 11 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 32 11 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Roofing",
          "orig": "enm:Roofing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any sort of cover, especially one that provides shelter."
      ],
      "id": "en-rof-enm-noun-3MSehRbC"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/roːf/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "rof"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Old English adjectives",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Anatomy",
    "enm:Buildings",
    "enm:Construction",
    "enm:Roofing"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "rofen"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "roof"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "ruif"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Geordie",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "reuf"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "ruf"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "ruif"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hrōf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hrōf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hrōfą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrōfą",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hrōf, from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "roves",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rofes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "roof",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruffe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rhof",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rooff",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rufe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "rof",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "roves",
        "pl2": "rofes"
      },
      "expansion": "rof (plural roves or rofes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A roof (top layer of a building):",
        "The outer side of a roof considered separately; the rooftop."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "roof",
          "roof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A roof (top layer of a building):",
        "The inner side of a roof considered separately; the ceiling."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "roof",
          "roof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A house or building; an edifice used for inhabitance."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The top of the mouth; the palate."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any sort of cover, especially one that provides shelter."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/roːf/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "rof"
}

Download raw JSONL data for rof meaning in Middle English (2.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (e97c820 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.